Wiz Shai-Hulud September 2025

Shai-Hulud has utilized double-base64 encoding to store stolen secrets within the Github Action Logs within the victim account. Shai-Hulud has also leveraged three layers of base64 encoding of exfiltrated data for anti-forensic purposes.

Shai-Hulud has used POST to exfiltrate secrets from the victim environment to an attacker-controlled URL.

Shai-Hulud has used JavaScript to create JSON file output and run scripts using node.js.

Shai-Hulud has leveraged compromised accounts to log into cloud services to access cloud hosted repositories.

Shai-Hulud has modified GitHub account settings for private repositories and changed them to public.

Shai-Hulud has downloaded packages from code repositories. Shai-Hulud has also downloaded and executed the secrets-discovery tool TruffleHog to gather sensitive data.

Shai-Hulud has published itself on compromised code repository maintainers within infected packages in attempts to propagate to other victims. Shai-Hulud has also modified versions of code packages.

Shai-Hulud has stolen access tokens and API tokens from with CI/CD pipeline solutions and repositories.

Shai-Hulud has inserted a new lifecycle hook to include `postinstall`. Shai-Hulud has also leveraged the NPM lifecycle hook `preinstall`.

Shai-Hulud has created a repository named `Shai-Hulud` under the compromised account that commits a JSON dump that contains system information, environment variables and collected secrets. Shai-Hulud has also posted stolen credentials to public GitHub repositories.

Shai-Hulud has exfiltrated repository secrets to `webhook[.]site`.

Shai-Hulud has published malicious gzip-compressed tarball (.tgz) following modification of packages within compromised accounts. Shai-Hulud has also modified packages within compromised accounts.