ATT&CKReferences

References

Reports, blog posts and papers that MITRE cites as evidence.

3865 references

CitationDescription
Cisco Blog Legacy Device AttacksOmar Santos. (2020, October 19). Attackers Continue to Target Legacy Devices. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
Cisco CaddyWiper March 2022Malhotra, A. (2022, March 15). Threat Advisory: CaddyWiper. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
Cisco DNSMessenger March 2017Brumaghin, E. and Grady, C.. (2017, March 2). Covert Channels and Poor Decisions: The Tale of DNSMessenger. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Cisco Group 72Esler, J., Lee, M., and Williams, C. (2014, October 14). Threat Spotlight: Group 72. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
Cisco H1N1 Part 1Reynolds, J.. (2016, September 13). H1N1: Technical analysis reveals new capabilities. Retrieved September 26, 2016.
Cisco H1N1 Part 2Reynolds, J.. (2016, September 14). H1N1: Technical analysis reveals new capabilities – part 2. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
Cisco IOS Forensics DevelopmentsFelix 'FX' Lindner. (2008, February). Developments in Cisco IOS Forensics. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
Cisco IOS ShellcodeGeorge Nosenko. (2015). CISCO IOS SHELLCODE: ALL-IN-ONE. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command HistoryCisco. (n.d.). Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
Cisco LotusBlossom 2025Joey Chen, Cisco Talos. (2025, February 27). Lotus Blossom espionage group targets multiple industries with different versions of Sagerunex and hacking tools. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
Cisco MagicRAT 2022Asheer Malhotra, Vitor Ventura & Jungsoo An, Cisco Talos. (2022, September 7). MagicRAT: Lazarus’ latest gateway into victim networks. Retrieved December 30, 2024.
Cisco Operation Layover September 2021Ventura, V. (2021, September 16). Operation Layover: How we tracked an attack on the aviation industry to five years of compromise. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
Cisco Salt Typhoon FEB 2025Cisco Talos. (2025, February 20). Weathering the storm: In the midst of a Typhoon. Retrieved February 24, 2025.
Cisco Synful Knock EvolutionGraham Holmes. (2015, October 8). Evolution of attacks on Cisco IOS devices. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
Cisco Talos Avos Jun 2022Venere, G. Neal, C. (2022, June 21). Avos ransomware group expands with new attack arsenal. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
Cisco Talos Bitter Bangladesh May 2022Raghuprasad, C . (2022, May 11). Bitter APT adds Bangladesh to their targets. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
Cisco Talos BlogJaeson Schultz, Darin Smith. (2022, April 21). TeamTNT Targeting AWS, Alibaba. Retrieved June 15, 2025.
Cisco Talos Intelligence GroupDarin Smith. (2022, April 21). TeamTNT targeting AWS, Alibaba. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
Cisco Talos MUSTANG PANDA PLUGX PUBLOAD MAY 2022Asheer Malhotra, Jungsoo An, Kendall Mc. (2022, May 5). Mustang Panda deploys a new wave of malware targeting Europe. Retrieved August 4, 2025.
Cisco Talos Qilin Ransomware OCT 2025Takeda, T. et al. (2025, October 26). Uncovering Qilin attack methods exposed through multiple cases. Retrieved March 26, 2026.
Cisco Talos Transparent Tribe Education Campaign July 2022N. Baisini. (2022, July 13). Transparent Tribe begins targeting education sector in latest campaign. Retrieved September 22, 2022.
Cisco Traffic MirroringCisco. (n.d.). Cisco IOS XR Interface and Hardware Component Configuration Guide for the Cisco CRS Router, Release 5.1.x. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022Biasini, N. et al.. (2022, January 21). Ukraine Campaign Delivers Defacement and Wipers, in Continued Escalation. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
Cisco Umbrella DGAScarfo, A. (2016, October 10). Domain Generation Algorithms – Why so effective?. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
CiscoAnglerNick Biasini. (2015, March 3). Threat Spotlight: Angler Lurking in the Domain Shadows. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
Citizen Lab Group5Scott-Railton, J., et al. (2016, August 2). Group5: Syria and the Iranian Connection. Retrieved September 26, 2016.
Citizen Lab Stealth Falcon May 2016Marczak, B. and Scott-Railton, J.. (2016, May 29). Keep Calm and (Don’t) Enable Macros: A New Threat Actor Targets UAE Dissidents. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
CitizenLab KeyBoy Nov 2016Hulcoop, A., et al. (2016, November 17). It’s Parliamentary KeyBoy and the targeting of the Tibetan Community. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
CitizenLab Tropic Trooper Aug 2018Alexander, G., et al. (2018, August 8). Familiar Feeling: A Malware Campaign Targeting the Tibetan Diaspora Resurfaces. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
Citizenlab Packrat 2015Scott-Railton, J., et al. (2015, December 8). Packrat. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
Ciubotariu 2014Ciubotariu, M. (2014, January 23). Trojan.Zeroaccess.C Hidden in NTFS EA. Retrieved December 2, 2014.
ClearSky Charming Kitten Dec 2017ClearSky Cyber Security. (2017, December). Charming Kitten. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
ClearSky CopyKittens March 2017ClearSky Cyber Security. (2017, March 30). Jerusalem Post and other Israeli websites compromised by Iranian threat agent CopyKitten. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
ClearSky Kittens Back 3 August 2020ClearSky Research Team. (2020, August 1). The Kittens Are Back in Town 3 - Charming Kitten Campaign Evolved and Deploying Spear-Phishing link by WhatsApp. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
ClearSky Lazarus Aug 2020ClearSky Research Team. (2020, August 13). Operation 'Dream Job' Widespread North Korean Espionage Campaign. Retrieved December 20, 2021.
ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021ClearSky Cyber Security. (2021, January). “Lebanese Cedar” APT Global Lebanese Espionage Campaign Leveraging Web Servers. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
ClearSky MuddyWater June 2019ClearSky. (2019, June). Iranian APT group ‘MuddyWater’ Adds Exploits to Their Arsenal. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018ClearSky Cyber Security. (2018, November). MuddyWater Operations in Lebanon and Oman: Using an Israeli compromised domain for a two-stage campaign. Retrieved November 29, 2018.
ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017ClearSky Cybersecurity. (2017, January 5). Iranian Threat Agent OilRig Delivers Digitally Signed Malware, Impersonates University of Oxford. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
ClearSky Pay2Kitten December 2020ClearSky. (2020, December 17). Pay2Key Ransomware – A New Campaign by Fox Kitten. Retrieved December 21, 2020.
ClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021ClearSky Cyber Security . (2021, August). New Iranian Espionage Campaign By “Siamesekitten” - Lyceum. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017ClearSky Cyber Security and Trend Micro. (2017, July). Operation Wilted Tulip: Exposing a cyber espionage apparatus. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
ClearSky and Trend Micro Operation Wilted Tulip July 2017ClearSky and Trend Micro. (2017, July). Operation Wilted Tulip - Exposing a cyber espionage apparatus. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
ClearkSky Fox Kitten February 2020ClearSky. (2020, February 16). Fox Kitten – Widespread Iranian Espionage-Offensive Campaign. Retrieved December 21, 2020.
Clockwork SSH Agent HijackingBeuchler, B. (2012, September 28). SSH Agent Hijacking. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
Cloud Hack Tricks GWS Apps ScriptHackTricks Cloud. (n.d.). GWS - App Scripts. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
CloudSEK ESXiArgs 2023Mehardeep Singh Sawhney. (2023, February 9). Analysis of Files Used in ESXiArgs Ransomware Attack Against VMware ESXi Servers. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
CloudSEK Lumma Stealer 2024CloudSEK TRIAD. (2024, September 19). Unmasking the Danger: Lumma Stealer Malware Exploits Fake CAPTCHA Pages. Retrieved March 18, 2025.
CloudSEK_RustyWater_Jan2026Awasthi, P. (2026, January 8). Reborn in Rust: Muddy Water Evolves Tooling with RustyWater Implant. Retrieved March 19, 2026.
CloudSploit - Unused AWS RegionsCloudSploit. (2019, June 8). The Danger of Unused AWS Regions. Retrieved October 8, 2019.

Data from MITRE ATT&CK® (Enterprise). ATT&CK® is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.