ATT&CKReferences

References

Reports, blog posts and papers that MITRE cites as evidence.

3865 references

CitationDescription
Browser AdrozekMicrosoft Threat Intelligence. (2020, December 10). Widespread malware campaign seeks to silently inject ads into search results, affects multiple browsers. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
Browser-updatesDusty Miller. (2023, October 17). Are You Sure Your Browser is Up to Date? The Current Landscape of Fake Browser Updates . Retrieved February 13, 2024.
Bugcrowd Replay AttackBugcrowd. (n.d.). Replay Attack. Retrieved September 27, 2023.
Burke/CISA ClickOnce BlackHatWilliam Joseph Burke III. (2019, August 7). CLICKONCE AND YOU’RE IN: When .appref-ms abuse is operating as intended. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
Burke/CISA ClickOnce PaperWilliam J. Burke IV. (n.d.). Appref-ms Abuse for Code Execution & C2. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
BushidoToken Akira 2023Will Thomas. (2023, September 15). Tracking Adversaries: Akira, another descendent of Conti. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
BushidoToken Qilin RaaS JUN 2024Thomas, W. (2024, June 12). Tracking Adversaries: The Qilin RaaS. Retrieved September 26, 2025.
Bypassing CloudTrail in AWS Service CatalogNick Frichette. (2023, March 20). Bypassing CloudTrail in AWS Service Catalog, and Other Logging Research. Retrieved September 18, 2023.
CAL_MuddyWater_Mar2026Ctrl-Alt-Intel. (2026, March 4). MuddyWater Exposed: Inside an Iranian APT operation . Retrieved April 6, 2026.
CCCS ArcaneDoor 2024Canadian Centre for Cyber Security. (2024, April 24). Cyber Activity Impacting CISCO ASA VPNs. Retrieved January 6, 2025.
CERN Windigo June 2019CERN. (2019, June 4). 2019/06/04 Advisory: Windigo attacks. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
CERT AT Fortinent Ransomware 2025CERT Austria. (2025, March 20). Ransomware-Gruppen nutzen weiterhin kritische Fortinet-Schwachstellen - Warnung vor gepatchten, aber bereits kompromittierten Geräten. Retrieved March 31, 2025.
CERT PolskaCERT Polska. (2026, January 30). Energy Sector Incident Report – 29 December. Retrieved April 22, 2026.
CERT-EE Gamaredon January 2021CERT-EE. (2021, January 27). Gamaredon Infection: From Dropper to Entry. Retrieved February 17, 2022.
CERT-EU Golden Ticket ProtectionAbolins, D., Boldea, C., Socha, K., Soria-Machado, M. (2016, April 26). Kerberos Golden Ticket Protection. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
CERT-FR PYSA April 2020CERT-FR. (2020, April 1). ATTACKS INVOLVING THE MESPINOZA/PYSA RANSOMWARE. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
CERT-UA TelecomAttack 2023CERT-UA. (2023, October 15). Peculiarities of destructive Sandworm cyber attacks against Ukrainian providers (CERT-UA#7627). Retrieved November 25, 2024.
CERT-UA WinterVivern 2023CERT-UA. (2023, February 1). UAC-0114 aka Winter Vivern to target Ukrainian and Polish GOV entities (CERT-UA#5909). Retrieved July 29, 2024.
CG 2014CG. (2014, May 20). Mimikatz Against Virtual Machine Memory Part 1. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
CIRCL PlugX March 2013Computer Incident Response Center Luxembourg. (2013, March 29). Analysis of a PlugX variant. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
CIS Emotet Apr 2017CIS. (2017, April 28). Emotet Changes TTPs and Arrives in United States. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
CIS Emotet Dec 2018CIS. (2018, December 12). MS-ISAC Security Primer- Emotet. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
CIS Multiple SMB VulnerabilitiesCIS. (2017, May 15). Multiple Vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows SMB Server Could Allow for Remote Code Execution. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
CISA AA20-239A BeagleBoyz August 2020DHS/CISA. (2020, August 26). FASTCash 2.0: North Korea's BeagleBoyz Robbing Banks. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
CISA AA20-259A Iran-Based Actor September 2020CISA. (2020, September 15). Iran-Based Threat Actor Exploits VPN Vulnerabilities. Retrieved December 21, 2020.
CISA AA20-296A Berserk Bear December 2020CISA. (2020, December 1). Russian State-Sponsored Advanced Persistent Threat Actor Compromises U.S. Government Targets. Retrieved December 9, 2021.
CISA AA20-301A KimsukyCISA, FBI, CNMF. (2020, October 27). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-301a. Retrieved November 4, 2020.
CISA AA20-352A 2021CISA. (2021, April 15). Advanced Persistent Threat Compromise of Government Agencies, Critical Infrastructure, and Private Sector Organizations. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
CISA AA21-200A APT40 July 2021CISA. (2021, July 19). (AA21-200A) Joint Cybersecurity Advisory – Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures of Indicted APT40 Actors Associated with China’s MSS Hainan State Security Department. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
CISA AA24-038A PRC Critical Infrastructure February 2024CISA et al.. (2024, February 7). PRC State-Sponsored Actors Compromise and Maintain Persistent Access to U.S. Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved May 15, 2024.
CISA AR18-352A Quasar RAT December 2018CISA. (2018, December 18). Analysis Report (AR18-352A) Quasar Open-Source Remote Administration Tool. Retrieved August 1, 2022.
CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021CISA. (2021, May 6). Analysis Report (AR21-126A) FiveHands Ransomware. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
CISA Akira Ransomware APR 2024CISA et al. (2024, April 18). #StopRansomware: Akira Ransomware. Retrieved December 10, 2024.
CISA AppleJeus Feb 2021Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. (2021, February 21). AppleJeus: Analysis of North Korea’s Cryptocurrency Malware. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
CISA BRICKSTORM UNC5221 AR25-338A February 2026DHS/CISA. (2026, February 11). AR25-338A: BRICKSTORM Backdoor. Retrieved April 16, 2026.
CISA ComRAT Oct 2020CISA. (2020, October 29). Malware Analysis Report (AR20-303A). Retrieved December 9, 2020.
CISA EB Aug 2020Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. (2020, August 26). MAR-10301706-1.v1 - North Korean Remote Access Tool: ECCENTRICBANDWAGON. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
CISA GRU29155 2024US Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency et al. (2024, September 5). Russian Military Cyber Actors Target U.S. and Global Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-10-272-01CISA. (2010, September 10). ICS Advisory (ICSA-10-272-01). Retrieved December 7, 2020.
CISA IDN ST05-016CISA. (2019, September 27). Security Tip (ST05-016): Understanding Internationalized Domain Names. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
CISA IT Service ProvidersCISA. (n.d.). APTs Targeting IT Service Provider Customers. Retrieved November 16, 2020.
CISA Iran Albanian Attacks September 2022CISA. (2022, September 23). AA22-264A Iranian State Actors Conduct Cyber Operations Against the Government of Albania. Retrieved August 6, 2024.
CISA Karakurt 2022Cybersecurity Infrastructure and Defense Agency. (2022, June 2). Karakurt Data Extortion Group. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
CISA Leviathan 2024CISA et al. (2024, July 8). People’s Republic of China (PRC) Ministry of State Security APT40 Tradecraft in Action. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
CISA LockBit 2023CISA. (2023, March 16). #StopRansomware: LockBit 3.0. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
CISA Lokibot September 2020DHS/CISA. (2020, September 22). Alert (AA20-266A) LokiBot Malware . Retrieved September 15, 2021.
CISA MAR SLOTHFULMEDIA October 2020DHS/CISA, Cyber National Mission Force. (2020, October 1). Malware Analysis Report (MAR) MAR-10303705-1.v1 – Remote Access Trojan: SLOTHFULMEDIA. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
CISA MAR-10288834-2.v1 TAINTEDSCRIBE MAY 2020USG. (2020, May 12). MAR-10288834-2.v1 – North Korean Trojan: TAINTEDSCRIBE. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
CISA MAR-10292089-1.v2 TAIDOOR August 2021CISA, FBI, DOD. (2021, August). MAR-10292089-1.v2 – Chinese Remote Access Trojan: TAIDOOR. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
CISA MFA PrintNightmareCybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. (2022, March 15). Russian State-Sponsored Cyber Actors Gain Network Access by Exploiting Default Multifactor Authentication Protocols and “PrintNightmare” Vulnerability. Retrieved March 16,…

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