ATT&CKReferences

References

Reports, blog posts and papers that MITRE cites as evidence.

3865 references

CitationDescription
Mandiant DPRK Laz Org Breakdown 2022Michael Barnhart, Michelle Cantos, Jeffery Johnson, Elias fox, Gary Freas, Dan Scott. (2022, March 23). Not So Lazarus: Mapping DPRK Cyber Threat Groups to Government Organizations. Retrieved September 9, 2025.
Mandiant Defend UNC2452 White PaperMandiant. (2021, January 19). Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365 to Defend Against UNC2452. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
Mandiant FIN12 Oct 2021Shilko, J., et al. (2021, October 7). FIN12: The Prolific Ransomware Intrusion Threat Actor That Has Aggressively Pursued Healthcare Targets. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
Mandiant FIN13 Aug 2022Ta, V., et al. (2022, August 8). FIN13: A Cybercriminal Threat Actor Focused on Mexico. Retrieved February 9, 2023.
Mandiant FIN5 GrrCON Oct 2016Bromiley, M. and Lewis, P. (2016, October 7). Attacking the Hospitality and Gaming Industries: Tracking an Attacker Around the World in 7 Years. Retrieved October 6, 2017.
Mandiant FIN7 Apr 2022Abdo, B., et al. (2022, April 4). FIN7 Power Hour: Adversary Archaeology and the Evolution of FIN7. Retrieved April 5, 2022.
Mandiant Fortinet Zero DayMarvi, A. et al.. (2023, March 16). Fortinet Zero-Day and Custom Malware Used by Suspected Chinese Actor in Espionage Operation. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
Mandiant Glyer APT 2010Glyer, C. (2010). Examples of Recent APT Persistence Mechanism. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
Mandiant M Trends 2011Mandiant. (2011, January 27). Mandiant M-Trends 2011. Retrieved January 10, 2016.
Mandiant M Trends 2016Mandiant. (2016, February 25). Mandiant M-Trends 2016. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
Mandiant M-Trends 2015Mandiant. (2015, February 24). M-Trends 2015: A View from the Front Lines. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
Mandiant M-Trends 2020Mandiant. (2020, February). M-Trends 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
Mandiant No Easy BreachDunwoody, M. and Carr, N.. (2016, September 27). No Easy Breach DerbyCon 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
Mandiant Operation Ke3chang November 2014Villeneuve, N., Bennett, J. T., Moran, N., Haq, T., Scott, M., & Geers, K. (2014). OPERATION “KE3CHANG”: Targeted Attacks Against Ministries of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
Mandiant Pulse Secure Update May 2021Perez, D. et al. (2021, May 27). Re-Checking Your Pulse: Updates on Chinese APT Actors Compromising Pulse Secure VPN Devices. Retrieved February 5, 2024.
Mandiant Pulse Secure Zero-Day April 2021Perez, D. et al. (2021, April 20). Check Your Pulse: Suspected APT Actors Leverage Authentication Bypass Techniques and Pulse Secure Zero-Day. Retrieved February 5, 2024.
Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.
Mandiant Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365Mandiant. (2022, August). Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365 to Defend Against APT29. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
Mandiant Suspected Turla Campaign February 2023Hawley, S. et al. (2023, February 2). Turla: A Galaxy of Opportunity. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
Mandiant Trojanized Windows 10Mandiant Intelligence. (2022, December 15). Trojanized Windows 10 Operating System Installers Targeted Ukrainian Government. Retrieved September 26, 2025.
Mandiant UNC2452 APT29 April 2022Mandiant. (2022, April 27). Assembling the Russian Nesting Doll: UNC2452 Merged into APT29. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
Mandiant UNC2589 March 2022Sadowski, J; Hall, R. (2022, March 4). Responses to Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Likely to Spur Retaliation. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
Mandiant UNC3313 Feb 2022Tomcik, R. et al. (2022, February 24). Left On Read: Telegram Malware Spotted in Latest Iranian Cyber Espionage Activity. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
Mandiant UNC3886 Juniper Routers MAR 2025Lamparski, L. et al. (2025, March 11). Ghost in the Router: China-Nexus Espionage Actor UNC3886 Targets Juniper Routers. Retrieved June 24, 2025.
Mandiant UNC3890 Aug 2022Mandiant Israel Research Team. (2022, August 17). Suspected Iranian Actor Targeting Israeli Shipping, Healthcare, Government and Energy Sectors. Retrieved September 21, 2022.
Mandiant UNC3944 May 2025Mandiant Incident Response. (2025, May 6). Defending Against UNC3944: Cybercrime Hardening Guidance from the Frontlines. Retrieved October 13, 2025.
Mandiant UNC3944 SMS Phishing 2023Mandiant Intelligence. (2023, September 14). Why Are You Texting Me? UNC3944 Leverages SMS Phishing Campaigns for SIM Swapping, Ransomware, Extortion, and Notoriety. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023Nick Simonian. (2023, May 22). Don't @ Me: URL Obfuscation Through Schema Abuse. Retrieved August 4, 2023.
Mandiant VMware vSphere JUL 2025Mandiant Incident Response. (2025, July 23). From Help Desk to Hypervisor: Defending Your VMware vSphere Estate from UNC3944. Retrieved October 13, 2025.
Mandiant WMIMandiant. (n.d.). Retrieved February 13, 2024.
Mandiant golang stripped binaries explanationSTEPHEN ECKELS. (2022, February 28). Ready, Set, Go — Golang Internals and Symbol Recovery. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
Mandiant-Sandworm-Ukraine-2022Ken Proska, John Wolfram, Jared Wilson, Dan Black, Keith Lunden, Daniel Kapellmann Zafra, Nathan Brubaker, Tyler Mclellan, Chris Sistrunk. (2023, November 9). Sandworm Disrupts Power in Ukraine Using a Novel Attack Against Operational Tech…
Mandiant-iab-controlMichael Raggi, Adam Aprahamian, Dan Kelly, Mathew Potaczek, Marcin Siedlarz, Austin Larsen. (2024, March 21). Bringing Access Back — Initial Access Brokers Exploit F5 BIG-IP (CVE-2023-46747) and ScreenConnect. Retrieved January 31, 2025.
Mandiant-leaksDANIEL KAPELLMANN ZAFRA, COREY HIDELBRANDT, NATHAN BRUBAKER, KEITH LUNDEN. (2022, January 31). 1 in 7 OT Ransomware Extortion Attacks Leak Critical Operational Technology Information. Retrieved August 18, 2023.
Mandiant_SHDataTheft_Jan2026Mandiant. (2026, January 30). Vishing for Access: Tracking the Expansion of ShinyHunters-Branded SaaS Data Theft. Retrieved June 16, 2026.
Mandiant_UNC2165Mandiant Intelligence. (2022, June 2). To HADES and Back: UNC2165 Shifts to LOCKBIT to Evade Sanctions. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
Masquerads-GuardioTal, Nati. (2022, December 28). “MasquerAds” — Google’s Ad-Words Massively Abused by Threat Actors, Targeting Organizations, GPUs and Crypto Wallets. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
Mavinject Functionality DeconstructedMatt Graeber. (2018, May 29). mavinject.exe Functionality Deconstructed. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
McAfee APT28 DDE1 Nov 2017Sherstobitoff, R., Rea, M. (2017, November 7). Threat Group APT28 Slips Office Malware into Doc Citing NYC Terror Attack. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
McAfee APT28 DDE2 Nov 2017Paganini, P. (2017, November 9). Russia-Linked APT28 group observed using DDE attack to deliver malware. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
McAfee Babuk February 2021Mundo, A. et al. (2021, February). Technical Analysis of Babuk Ransomware. Retrieved August 11, 2021.
McAfee BankshotSherstobitoff, R. (2018, March 08). Hidden Cobra Targets Turkish Financial Sector With New Bankshot Implant. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
McAfee Cuba April 2021Roccio, T., et al. (2021, April). Technical Analysis of Cuba Ransomware. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
McAfee Dianxun March 2021Roccia, T., Seret, T., Fokker, J. (2021, March 16). Technical Analysis of Operation Dianxun. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
McAfee GhostSecretSherstobitoff, R., Malhotra, A. (2018, April 24). Analyzing Operation GhostSecret: Attack Seeks to Steal Data Worldwide. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
McAfee Gold DragonSherstobitoff, R., Saavedra-Morales, J. (2018, February 02). Gold Dragon Widens Olympics Malware Attacks, Gains Permanent Presence on Victims’ Systems. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
McAfee HoneybeeSherstobitoff, R. (2018, March 02). McAfee Uncovers Operation Honeybee, a Malicious Document Campaign Targeting Humanitarian Aid Groups. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
McAfee Lazarus Jul 2020Cashman, M. (2020, July 29). Operation North Star Campaign. Retrieved December 20, 2021.
McAfee Lazarus Nov 2020Beek, C. (2020, November 5). Operation North Star: Behind The Scenes. Retrieved December 20, 2021.
McAfee Lazarus Resurfaces Feb 2018Sherstobitoff, R. (2018, February 12). Lazarus Resurfaces, Targets Global Banks and Bitcoin Users. Retrieved February 19, 2018.

Data from MITRE ATT&CK® (Enterprise). ATT&CK® is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.