Procedure examples

Bumblebee has been downloaded to victim's machines from OneDrive.

BRICKSTORM has leveraged DNS web services to resolve C2 IP addresses including sslip.io and nip.io. BRICKSTORM has also utilized Cloudflare Workers for C2 communications.

SharpStage has used a legitimate web service for evading detection.

NETWIRE has used web services including Paste.ee to host payloads.

BADHATCH can be utilized to abuse `sslip.io`, a free IP to domain mapping service, as part of actor-controlled C2 channels.

DropBook can communicate with its operators by exploiting the Simplenote, DropBox, and the social media platform, Facebook, where it can create fake accounts to control the backdoor and receive instructions.

ShrinkLocker uses a subdomain on the legitimate Cloudflare resource "trycloudflare[.]com" to obfuscate the threat actor's actual address and to tunnel information sent from victim systems.

Hildegard has downloaded scripts from GitHub.

Snip3 can download additional payloads from web services including Pastebin and top4top.

GuLoader has the ability to download malware from Google Drive.

WhisperGate can download additional payloads hosted on a Discord channel.

Raspberry Robin second stage payloads can be hosted as RAR files, containing a malicious EXE and DLL, on Discord servers.

Doki has used the dogechain.info API to generate a C2 address.

Nightdoor can utilize Microsoft OneDrive or Google Drive for command and control purposes.

CHIMNEYSWEEP has the ability to use use Telegram channels to return a list of commands to be executed, to download additional payloads, or to create a reverse shell.

SocGholish has used Amazon Web Services to host second-stage servers.

DarkTortilla can retrieve its primary payload from public sites such as Pastebin and Textbin.

PureCrypter can use Telegram or Discord to send infection status messages.

Latrodectus has used Google Firebase to download malicious installation scripts.

CharmPower can download additional modules from actor-controlled Amazon S3 buckets.

SMOKEDHAM has used Google Drive and Dropbox to host files downloaded by victims via malicious links.

RedLine Stealer has leveraged legitimate file sharing web services to host malicious payloads.

Sibot has used a legitimate compromised website to download DLLs to the victim's machine.

Bazar downloads have been hosted on Google Docs.

Carbon can use Pastebin to receive C2 commands.

AshTag can download malicious payloads from file sharing services.

MOPSLED can use third-party web services such as GitHub and Google Drive for C2.

BoomBox can download files from Dropbox using a hardcoded access token.

ngrok has been used by threat actors to proxy C2 connections to ngrok service subdomains.

Brute Ratel C4 can use legitimate websites for external C2 channels including Slack, Discord, and MS Teams.

Kali365 has used Cloudflare Workers to redirect traffic and to host malicious phishing pages. Kali365 has also leveraged Telegram chat to facilitate administrative tasks for the panel across affiliate users.